Anatomy Practice Exam 2026 - Free Anatomy Practice Questions and Study Guide

The primary role of red blood cells is to transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and organs throughout the body. This process is essential for cellular metabolism, as oxygen is required for the production of energy in the form of ATP. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen molecules in the lungs and releases them in areas where the oxygen concentration is lower. This efficient system ensures that all body cells receive the necessary oxygen to function properly.

While red blood cells are crucial for oxygen transport, other components of the blood serve different functions. For instance, white blood cells are primarily responsible for fighting infections, platelets and clotting factors regulate blood clotting, and the plasma component of blood helps in the removal of waste products from cellular metabolism. Each of these functions is important, but the distinctive characteristic of red blood cells is their specialized role in oxygen transport.