Anatomy Practice Exam 2026 - Free Anatomy Practice Questions and Study Guide

The sympathetic nervous system is primarily responsible for preparing the body for situations that require energy and heightened alertness, often referred to as the "fight or flight" response. When activated, it triggers a series of physiological changes, such as increased heart rate, enhanced blood flow to muscles, and the release of adrenaline. These changes are crucial for enabling the body to respond to stressors or physical challenges effectively. Therefore, the characteristic feature of the sympathetic nervous system is its role in preparing the body for physical activity, equipping it to handle emergencies or strenuous physical demands.

In contrast, the other options describe functions of the parasympathetic nervous system, which is more focused on promoting relaxation, energy conservation, and maintaining homeostasis in restful states. The parasympathetic system is responsible for recovery processes and stabilizing the body's internal environment, but it does not prepare the body for immediate physical exertion like the sympathetic system does.