Anatomy Practice Exam

What is the function of keratin in the skin?

1. To provide color

2. To make the skin waterproof

3. To promote cell division

4. To repair damaged tissues

The correct answer is: To make the skin waterproof

Keratin serves a crucial role in the skin's structure and function, and its primary purpose is to make the skin waterproof. This tough, fibrous protein is a key component of the skin's outer layer, known as the epidermis. By forming a barrier, keratin helps prevent transepidermal water loss, which is essential for maintaining hydration and overall skin integrity. The presence of keratin also makes the skin more resilient to environmental damage, as it provides a protective layer against physical abrasions and pathogens. While providing color is associated with other pigments in the skin, such as melanin, keratin itself does not contribute to skin color. The process of cell division primarily takes place in the deeper layers of the epidermis, which are rich in cells such as keratinocytes that eventually migrate to the surface and become keratinized. Additionally, tissue repair involves various processes and cell types, but keratin's primary function is structural rather than directly involved in repair mechanisms.