Anatomy Practice Exam

What is the role of dendrites in a neuron?

1. Transmit signals away from the cell body

2. Receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body

3. Protect the neuron from damage

4. Facilitate the release of neurotransmitters

The correct answer is: Receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body

Dendrites play a crucial role in the functioning of a neuron by receiving incoming signals from other neurons. They are branched extensions of the neuron that increase the surface area for synaptic connections, allowing for the integration of a multitude of signals from various sources. Once these signals are received, dendrites conduct the electrical impulses toward the cell body, where the information is processed. This function is essential for the overall communication within the nervous system, as it determines how information is relayed and integrated before being transmitted further along the neuron. The other choices do not accurately describe the function of dendrites; for instance, the transmission of signals away from the cell body is primarily the role of the axon, while protection from damage and neurotransmitter release are functions associated with different aspects of neuronal physiology and biochemistry.