Anatomy Practice Exam

What type of epithelial tissue consists of multiple layers with flat cells on the surface?

1. Simple cuboidal epithelium

2. Stratified squamous epithelium

3. Ciliated columnar epithelium

4. Pseudostratified epithelium

The correct answer is: Stratified squamous epithelium

Stratified squamous epithelium is characterized by multiple layers of cells, with the top layer being flattened or squamous in shape. This structure provides a strong protective barrier against abrasions, pathogens, and chemical exposure. The multiple layers allow for the regeneration of the epithelium, as the surface cells can be shed and replaced by the underlying layers. This type of epithelial tissue is typically found in areas subject to friction and abrasion, such as the skin, oral cavity, and esophagus. The flat nature of the surface cells is crucial in facilitating protection while also contributing to the overall function of these areas. In contrast, simple cuboidal epithelium consists of a single layer of cube-shaped cells, making it unsuitable for areas needing robust protection. Ciliated columnar epithelium features taller cells, often with cilia, and is primarily involved in secretion and movement of materials rather than protective roles. Pseudostratified epithelium, despite appearing multilayered, actually consists of a single layer of varying cell heights, giving a false impression of stratification while not fulfilling the same structural role as stratified squamous epithelium.